Heart Chambers and Valves — NEET Biology
✅ Asked in NEET 2018Heart, the mesodermally derived organ, is situated in the thoracic cavity, in between the two lungs, slightly tilted to the left. It has the size of a clenched fist. It is protected by a double walled membranous bag, pericardium, enclosing the pericardial fluid. Our heart has four chambers, two relatively small upper chambers called atria and two larger lower chambers called ventricles. A thin, muscular wall called the inter-atrial septum separates the right and the left atria, whereas a thick-walled, the inter-ventricular septum, separates the left and the right ventricles. The atrium and the ventricle of the same side are also separated by a thick fibrous tissue called the atrio-ventricular septum. However, each of these septa are provided with an opening through which the two chambers of the same side are connected. The opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is guarded by a valve formed of three muscular flaps or cusps, the tricuspid valve, whereas a bicuspid or mitral valve guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle. The openings of the right and the left ventricles into the
NTA tests students' understanding of heart chamber separation and valve structure. The exam focuses on which valves separate atria from ventricles and their specific features—tricuspid valve (3 cusps) for right side, bicuspid/mitral valve (2 cusps) for left side. Students commonly confuse valve names with chamber positions or mix up cusp numbers. Remember: the valve name indicates cusp count (tri=3, bi=2), and each valve prevents backflow from ventricles to atria during contraction. Location matters too—tricuspid is always right-sided, mitral is always left-sided.
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below. (NEET 2018) Column I (A) Tricuspid valve (B) Bicuspid valve (C) Semilunar valve Column II (i) Between left atrium and left ventricle (ii) Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery (iii) Between right atrium and right ventricle
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