Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium & Gene Pool — NEET Biology
✅ Asked in NEET 2024Which one of the following factors will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (NEET 2024)
Which one of the following factors will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (NEET 2024)
Answer & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: D — Constant gene pool
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium assumes constant gene pool with no evolutionary forces acting. According to NCERT, factors like genetic drift, gene migration, and mutations disturb equilibrium by changing allele frequencies. However, genetic recombination only reshuffles existing alleles without changing their frequencies, thus maintaining equilibrium. Constant gene pool is a prerequisite, not a disturbing factor.
Read more NCERT concept on the PYQ
This principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable and is constant from generation to generation. The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant. This is called genetic equilibrium. Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1. Individual
NTA tests whether students understand that allele frequencies remain constant across generations in a stable population (genetic equilibrium), meaning the gene pool doesn't change. Students often confuse this with population size or mistakenly think allele frequencies change every generation, forgetting that equilibrium conditions prevent evolution. The key trap is assuming any population maintains equilibrium—students must remember that equilibrium requires no mutation, no selection, random mating, and no gene flow. To score correctly: recall that the sum of all allelic frequencies equals 1, and this constancy is why Hardy-Weinberg serves as a null hypothesis for detecting evolution in real populations.
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Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 88 of 90 questions from the NEET 2026 paper were matched straight from the MedicNEET Biology question bank.
88/90MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.