Energy Sources and Food Translocation — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptAll the energy required for 'life' processes is obtained by oxidation of some macromolecules that we call 'food'. Green plants and cyanobacteria can prepare their own food; by the process of photosynthesis they trap light energy and convert it into chemical energy that is stored in the bonds of carbohydrates like glucose, sucrose and starch. We must remember that in green plants too, not all cells, tissues and organs photosynthesise; only cells containing chloroplasts, that are most often located in the superficial layers, carry out photosynthesis. Hence, even in green plants all other organs, tissues and cells that are non-green, need food for oxidation. Hence, food has to be translocated to all non-green parts. Animals are heterotrophic, i.e., they obtain food from plants
Consider the following statements: 1. All energy required for life processes is obtained by oxidation of macromolecules termed as food. 2. In green plants, all cells and tissues including non-green parts are capable of photosynthesis. 3. The breaking of C–C bonds of complex compounds through oxidation within cells to release energy is called respiration. 4. ATP acts as the energy currency of the cell since energy released during respiration is trapped in it. 5. Proteins, fats, and even organic acids can serve as respiratory substrates in some plants under certain conditions. Choose the correct option:
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Correct answer: A — Only 1, 3, 4, and 5 are correct
Statement 1 is correct (Page 153: “All the energy required for ‘life’ processes is obtained by oxidation of some macromolecules that we call ‘food’”). Statement 2 is wrong because not all plant cells photosynthesise; only chloroplast-containing superficial cells do so (Page 153–154). Statement 3 is correct (Page 154: “The breaking of the C–C bonds of complex compounds through oxidation within the cells, leading to release of considerable amount of energy is called respiration”). Statement 4 is correct (ATP is the energy currency of the cell, Page 154). Statement 5 is correct (Page 154: “Usually carbohydrates are oxidised… but proteins, fats and even organic acids can be used as respiratory substances in some plants, under certain conditions”).
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Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
176/180MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.