How to analyse chemical composition? — Biomolecules NEET Questions 2026

Sample Questions — How to analyse chemical composition?

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MCQ

Which compounds are found in the acid-insoluble fraction of living tissues?

A. Amino acids and Polysaccharides
B. Nucleotides and amino acids
C. Proteins and polysaccharides
D. Fats and proteins

✅ Correct Answer: C

The acid-insoluble fraction contains macromolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides. Amino acids are not macromolecules.

MCQ

Which of the following best explains why lipids are found in the acid-insoluble fraction?

A. They are composed of special amino acids which are not soluble in acid
B. They are polymers of fatty acids hence they are not soluble
C. They form water-insoluble vesicles when membranes are disrupted
D. Their molecular weight exceeds 1000 Da and are large in size

✅ Correct Answer: C

Though lipids are not true macromolecules, membrane-derived vesicles make them insoluble.

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MCQ

Why do organic chemists classify molecules by aldehydes, ketones, etc., whereas biologists use amino acids, nucleotides, etc.?

A. Because biologists are not trained in organic chemistry
B. Because biological classification focuses on functional significance
C. Because biologists prefer grouping based on presence of amino groups
D. Because aldehydes and other molecules are not present in living cells

✅ Correct Answer: B

The classification into amino acids, nucleotide bases, fatty acids etc. reflects biological function more directly than chemical functional groups.

MCQ

Match the following components with their correct description: COLUMN I A. Acid-soluble pool B. Acid-insoluble fraction C. Ash D. Biomolecules COLUMN II i. Contains macromolecules like proteins ii. Contains inorganic residues after combustion iii. Small organic molecules from cytoplasm iv. Carbon compounds extracted from living tissue

A. A–iii, B–i, C–ii, D–iv
B. A–ii, B–iii, C–iv, D–i
C. A–iv, B–i, C–iii, D–ii
D. A–iii, B–ii, C–i, D–iv

✅ Correct Answer: A

Acid-soluble pool = small organic molecules Acid-insoluble = macromolecules Ash = inorganic content Biomolecules = carbon compounds from living tissue

MCQ

What is the best reason why elemental analysis alone is insufficient to study biomolecules?

A. It cannot detect carbon and other organic molecules
B. It does not distinguish molecular structures
C. It is limited to only solid samples, fluid samples cannot be studied
D. It destroys all organic matter

✅ Correct Answer: B

Elemental analysis tells which elements are present but not what molecules they form. For that, compound analysis is needed.

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