Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance — Principles of inheritance and variation NEET Questions 2026

Sample Questions — Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance

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MCQ

Which of the following was not one of the seven pairs of contrasting traits studied by Mendel?

A. Pod shape: inflated/constricted
B. Seed colour: yellow/green
C. Stem height: tall/dwarf
D. Flower colour: red/white

✅ Correct Answer: D

Mendel studied violet versus white flower colour, not red versus white.

MCQ

Confirmation of results across successive generations proved Mendel’s findings were general. Why is generational confirmation important in genetic experiments?

A. It shows that dominant traits can become recessive over time
B. It rules out parental somatic mutations as the basis of observed ratios
C. It demonstrates that segregation patterns are heritable rather than random one-offs
D. It allows variety improvement through selection

✅ Correct Answer: C

Replicating identical segregation ratios in F₂, F₃, etc., confirms that observed patterns reflect stable genetic rules, not chance events or parental anomalies. This repeatability across generations is essential for establishing general laws.

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MCQ

Artificial pollination was central to Mendel’s design. Which feature of artificial pollination best suited his investigative needs?

A. It increased natural variation
B. It allowed controlled crosses between chosen parents
C. It enhanced mutation rates between chosen parents
D. It eliminated recessive alleles

✅ Correct Answer: B

By manually transferring pollen, Mendel ensured that only desired parental combinations mated, eliminating unintended crosses and environmental pollen contamination. This control was critical for attributing progeny traits to known parental genotypes.

MCQ

The Sahiwal cow breed in Punjab exemplifies:

A. artificial selection and domestication
B. mutation breeding
C. natural selection
D. chromosomal theory of inheritance

✅ Correct Answer: A

Sahiwal cows are a result of human-driven artificial selection from ancestral wild cattle.

MCQ

Early humans exploited variation in domestication. Why is understanding this historical context relevant when teaching Mendel’s laws?

A. It shows that Mendel discovered inheritance entirely from scratch
B. It illustrates that breeders had long applied Mendelian ratios
C. It proves that artificial selection predates sexual reproduction and provides a scientific basis for practices already in use
D. It underscores that Mendel’s work provided a scientific basis for practices already in use

✅ Correct Answer: D

Although farmers used variation via selective breeding for millennia, Mendel’s laws explained why certain crosses produced predictable trait distributions, lending theoretical underpinnings to empirical practices.

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Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance — NEET Biology Questions

Sample Questions — Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance

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