Transgenic Animals & Biological Products — NEET Biology
✅ Asked in NEET 2026Biological products: Medicines required to treat certain human diseases can contain biological products, but such products are often expensive to make. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema. Similar attempts are being made for treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) and cystic fibrosis. In 1997, the first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced human protein-enriched milk (2.4 grams per litre). The milk contained the human alpha-lactalbumin and was nutritionally a more balanced product for human babies than natural cow-milk.
NTA tests whether you understand how transgenic animals are engineered to produce valuable human proteins like α-1-antitrypsin for treating genetic diseases like emphysema. Students often confuse the purpose—it's NOT about creating disease in animals, but using them as 'biological factories' to produce expensive human medicines. The common mistake is not remembering specific examples: Rosie the cow (1997) produced human alpha-lactalbumin in milk for infant nutrition. Key point: Transgenic animals are created by introducing specific genes (DNA) into their genome so they express desired human proteins in their milk, blood, or other secretions. This is a cheap alternative to direct protein synthesis.
This paragraph was tested 3 times in NEET.
The human protein alpha-1-antitrypsin obtained from transgenic animals is used for the treatment of
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Milk of transgenic ‘Cow Rosie’ was nutritionally more balanced product for human babies than natural cow milk because it contained: (NEET 2022 Phase 2)
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