Exophthalmic Goitre and Hyperthyroidism — NEET Biology
✅ Asked in NEET 2024Exopthalmic goitre is a form of hyperthyroidism, characterised by enlargement of the thyroid gland, protrusion of the eyeballs, increased basal metabolic rate, and weight loss, also called Graves' disease.
Exophthalmic goitre (Graves' disease) is a form of hyperthyroidism where the thyroid gland enlarges, eyeballs protrude, and metabolic rate increases, causing weight loss. Students often confuse this with simple goitre (iodine deficiency), which is hypothyroidism—the opposite condition. The key distinction is that exophthalmic goitre is caused by autoimmune antibodies attacking the thyroid, leading to overproduction of thyroid hormones, while simple goitre results from iodine deficiency. Remember: exophthalmic = eye protrusion + excessive hormone production, not hormone deficiency. This concept appears frequently because it tests understanding of both endocrine disorders and their symptoms.
This paragraph was tested 2 times in NEET.
Match List-I with List-II: A. Exophthalmic goiter B. Acromegaly C. Cushing’s syndrome D. Cretinism List-II: I. Excess cortisol secretion II. Hypo-secretion of thyroid hormone and stunted growth III. Hyperthyroidism with protruding eyes IV. Excess secretion of growth hormone (NEET 2024)
Grave’s disease is caused due to: (NEET 2021)
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