Levels of Gene Expression Regulation — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptRegulation of gene expression refers to a very broad term that may occur at various levels. Considering that gene expression results in the formation of a polypeptide, it can be regulated at several levels. In eukaryotes, the regulation could be exerted at (i) transcriptional level (formation of primary transcript), (ii) processing level (regulation of splicing), (iii) transport of mRNA from nucleus to the cytoplasm, (iv) translational level.
Consider the following statements regarding regulation of gene expression: 1. Regulation of gene expression can occur at multiple levels: transcription, translation, and post-translation. 2. In prokaryotes, gene regulation is usually at the transcriptional level, as seen in the lac operon. 3. In eukaryotes, regulation can involve chromatin structure, transcription factors, splicing, and RNA processing. 4. Gene expression is always constitutive and cannot be switched on or off depending on cellular needs. (Wrong) 5. Regulation ensures that proteins are produced only when required, thus conserving energy and resources.
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Correct answer: B — 1, 2, 3, 5 are correct
Gene expression can be regulated at various levels (transcriptional, translational, post-translational). In prokaryotes, transcriptional control predominates (lac operon model). In eukaryotes, multiple mechanisms exist: chromatin remodeling, transcription factors, RNA splicing, capping, tailing. Statement 4 is wrong, because gene expression is not always constitutive — it can be inducible or repressible. The purpose of regulation is to optimise energy use and adapt to conditions
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