DNA and RNA: Types and Functions — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptDeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the two types of nucleic acids found in living systems. DNA acts as the genetic material in most of the organisms. RNA though it also acts as a genetic material in some viruses, mostly functions as a messenger. RNA has additional roles as well. It functions as adapter, structural, and in some cases as a catalytic molecule. In Class XI you have already learnt the structures of nucleotides and the way these monomer units are linked to form nucleic acid polymers. In this chapter we are going to discuss the structure of DNA, its replication, the process of making RNA from DNA (transcription), the genetic code that determines the sequences of amino acids in proteins, the process of protein synthesis (translation) and elementary basis of their regulation. The determination
Which of the above statements regarding the differences between DNA and RNA are NOT correct? S1: DNA is chemically less reactive and structurally more stable than RNA, partly due to the absence of a 2'-OH group in its sugar. S2: Both DNA and RNA are typically double-stranded molecules with similar overall helical structures. S3: DNA contains the nitrogenous base thymine, while RNA contains uracil at the corresponding position. S4: RNA is exclusively involved in protein synthesis as a messenger, adapter, and structural molecule, never acting as genetic material. S5: While both DNA and RNA can mutate, RNA mutates at a slower rate due to its less labile nature, making it a better choice for long-term genetic information storage.
Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 88 of 90 questions from the NEET 2026 paper were matched straight from the MedicNEET Biology question bank.
88/90MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.