Economic Uses of Bacteria & Archaea — NEET Biology

Correct answer: D — A-3, B-2, C-1, D-5, E-4

Let's match each item from Column I with its correct feature from Column II based on NCERT: A. Archaebacteria: These bacteria are special as they live in some of the most harsh habitats such as extreme salty areas, hot springs, and marshy areas. Methanogens (a type of Archaebacteria) are responsible for biogas production. So, A-3 is correct. B. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae): They have chlorophyll a similar to green plants and are photosynthetic autotrophs. Some can fix atmospheric nitrogen in heterocysts. So, B-2 is correct. C. Mycoplasma: These organisms completely lack a cell wall and are the smallest living cells known. So, C-1 is correct. D. Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria: They oxidise various inorganic substances such as nitrates, nitrites, and ammonia and use the released energy for their ATP production. So, D-5 is correct. E. Heterotrophic bacteria: These are most abundant in nature, and the majority are important decomposers. Many are pathogens causing diseases like cholera. So, E-4 is correct. Therefore, the correct match is A-3, B-2, C-1, D-5, E-4. The question tests the specific characteristics and classification of diverse groups within Kingdom Monera.