Angina Pectoris and Coronary Ischemia — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptAngina: It is also called 'angina pectoris'. A symptom of acute chest pain appears when no enough oxygen is reaching the heart muscle. Angina can occur in men and women of any age but it is more commonly among the middle-aged and elderly. It occurs due to conditions that affect the blood flow.
Which of the following statements are NOT correct concerning the regulation and functioning of the human circulatory system? S1: The cardiac output can be increased by both increasing the stroke volume and the heart rate, as observed in athletes. S2: Heart failure is characterized by the heart not pumping blood effectively enough, often leading to congestion of the lungs. S3: Angina pectoris is a disease primarily characterized by the deposits of calcium, fat, and cholesterol in the coronary arteries, leading to their narrowing. S4: The P-wave in an ECG represents the repolarisation of the atria, while the QRS complex represents ventricular depolarisation. S5: The opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is guarded by a bicuspid valve, while the left side has a tricuspid valve.
View solution & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: C — S3, S4, and S5 only
The question asks to identify the statements that are NOT correct. S1: Correct. NCERT states that the body has the ability to alter the stroke volume as well as the heart rate and thereby the cardiac output. For example, the cardiac output of an athlete will be much higher. Therefore, this statement is correct. S2: Correct. NCERT defines heart failure as 'the state of heart when it is not pumping blood effectively enough to meet the needs of the body,' and mentions 'congestion of the lungs is one of the main symptoms of this disease.' Therefore, this statement is correct. S3: Incorrect. NCERT states that Angina is a 'symptom of acute chest pain' that appears when not enough oxygen is reaching the heart muscle. The condition characterized by deposits of calcium, fat, cholesterol, etc., leading to narrowing of arteries, is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) or atherosclerosis, not angina pectoris itself. Therefore, this statement incorrectly describes angina pectoris as a disease of deposits. S4: Incorrect. NCERT states that 'The P-wave represents the electrical excitation (or depolarisation) of the atria.' The statement incorrectly says P-wave represents repolarisation of atria. Therefore, this statement is incorrect. S5: Incorrect. NCERT states that 'The opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is guarded by a valve formed of three muscular flaps or cusps, the tricuspid valve, whereas a bicuspid or mitral valve guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle.' The statement reverses the location of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves. Therefore, this statement is incorrect. Based on the analysis, statements S3, S4, and S5 are NOT correct. Option C correctly identifies S3, S4, and S5 as the incorrect statements. Options B, C, and D include correct statements or omit incorrect ones. Recap: The question assesses detailed knowledge of cardiac output regulation, specific heart disorders (angina vs. CAD), ECG interpretation, and the structural details of heart valves, highlighting common misconceptions.
What does NCERT say about Angina It also called?
Has this concept appeared in NEET?
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