Vertebrates circulate blood, a fluid connective tissue, in their body, to transport essential substances to the cells and to carry waste substances from there. Another fluid, lymph (tissue fluid) is also used for the transport of certain substances.
Consider the following statements regarding transport of materials in organisms: 1. All living cells must be provided with nutrients, oxygen, and other essentials, while wastes must be removed continuously. 2. Sponges and coelenterates circulate water from their surroundings through body cavities for exchange of substances. 3. More complex organisms use special fluids such as blood and lymph for transport. 4. Blood is the most common body fluid used by higher organisms, including humans. 5. Blood is a connective tissue consisting solely of plasma. Choose the correct option:
Correct answer: C — 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct
Statements 1–4 are directly stated in NCERT: cells require nutrient and waste transport; simple animals use body cavities for circulation; complex animals use blood and lymph; blood is the most common transport fluid. Statement 5 is incorrect because blood has both plasma (fluid matrix) and formed elements, not plasma alone.
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