Name the components of the formed elements in the blood and mention one major function of each of them.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding the formation and composition of lymph? S1: The interstitial fluid is formed when water and small water-soluble substances move out from blood capillaries into the spaces between tissue cells. S2: Lymph is a straw-coloured fluid that contains all types of formed elements, including erythrocytes, in similar concentrations as blood plasma. S3: Lymphatic vessels, including lacteals, are important for the absorption and transport of fats from the intestine. S4: Lymph re-enters the general circulation by draining into major arteries. S5: Lymph contains specialised lymphocytes, which are responsible for the immune responses of the body.
Correct answer: B — S1, S3 and S5 are correct.
The question pertains to the formation, composition, and functions of lymph based on NCERT information. S1: Correct. According to NCERT, "As the blood passes through the capillaries in tissues, some water along with many small water soluble substances move out into the spaces between the cells of tissues leaving the larger proteins and most of the formed elements in the blood vessels. This fluid released out is called the interstitial fluid or tissue fluid." S2: Incorrect. Lymph is described as a "colourless fluid" in NCERT, not straw-coloured (straw-coloured is plasma). It lacks RBCs (erythrocytes) and contains specialized lymphocytes, not all types of formed elements in similar concentrations as blood plasma. S3: Correct. NCERT states, "Fats are absorbed through lymph in the lacteals present in the intestinal villi." S4: Incorrect. The lymphatic system drains lymph back into "major veins," not major arteries. S5: Correct. NCERT mentions, "Lymph is a colourless fluid containing specialised lymphocytes which are responsible for the immune responses of the body." Therefore, statements S1, S3, and S5 are correct.
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