Class 11 · Chemical Coordination and Integration

Endocrine Hormones and Their Functions — NEET Biology

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The testis secretes androgens, which stimulate the development, maturation and functions of the male accessory sex organs, regulate the male secondary sex characters, spermatogenesis, male sexual behaviour, anabolic pathways and erythropoiesis. The ovary secretes estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen stimulates growth and development of female accessory sex organs and secondary sex characters. Progesterone plays a major role in the maintenance of pregnancy as well as mammary gland development and lactation. The atrial wall of the heart produces atrial natriuretic factor which decreases the blood pressure. Kidney produces erythropoietin which stimulates erythropoiesis. The gastro-intestinal tract secretes gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin and gastric inhibitory peptide. These hormones regulate the secretion of digestive juices and help in digestion.

NCERT Biology · Class 11 · Chapter 19 · Paragraph 42
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Match the following hormones/actions with their descriptions/outcomes: Column I A. Testosterone B. Androgenic steroids from adrenal cortex C. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) D. Anabolic effect of androgens E. Role of androgens in CNS Column II (i) Stimulates Leydig cells (ii) Growth of facial and axillary hair during puberty (iii) Influence male sexual behaviour (iv) Promote protein and carbohydrate synthesis (v) Regulates development and maturation of male accessory sex organs

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Correct answer: D A–(v), B–(ii), C–(i), D–(iv), E–(iii)

Let's match each item from Column I with its correct description/outcome in Column II: A. Testosterone: "Androgens regulate the development, maturation and functions of the male accessory sex organs..." Thus, A–(v). B. Androgenic steroids from adrenal cortex: "Small amounts of androgenic steroids are also secreted by the adrenal cortex which play a role in the growth of axial hair, pubic hair and facial hair during puberty." Thus, B–(ii). C. Luteinizing Hormone (LH): "In males, LH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of hormones called androgens from testis." Thus, C–(i). D. Anabolic effect of androgens: "These hormones produce anabolic (synthetic) effects on protein and carbohydrate metabolism." Thus, D–(iv). E. Role of androgens in CNS: "Androgens act on the central neural system and influence the male sexual behaviour (libido)." Thus, E–(iii). Therefore, the correct match is A–(v), B–(ii), C–(i), D–(iv), E–(iii).

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What does NCERT say about testis secretes androgens which?
The testis secretes androgens, which stimulate the development, maturation and functions of the male accessory sex organs, regulate the male secondary sex characters, spermatogenesis, male sexual behaviour, anabolic pathways and erythropoiesis. The ovary secretes estrogen and progesterone.
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Chemical Coordination and Integration, Class 11 NCERT Biology.

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