Class 12 · Ecosystem

Primary Production and Energy Flow — NEET Biology

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📖 NCERT Source

A constant input of solar energy is the basic requirement for any ecosystem to function and sustain. Primary production is defined as the amount of

NCERT Biology · Class 12 · Chapter 12 · Paragraph 7
How NTA Uses This Concept

Primary production is the amount of biomass (organic matter) produced by autotrophs per unit area per unit time, measured as kg/m²/year. Students often confuse it with gross primary production (GPP) vs. net primary production (NPP) — remember NPP is what actually remains available for herbivores after plants use energy for respiration. The NEET trap: questions may ask about energy available at different trophic levels, where you must use NPP, not GPP. Key point: Only about 10% of NPP is available to the next trophic level (the 10% law), so understanding primary production is essential for calculating energy transfer through ecosystems.

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QuestionNEET 2022

(NEET 2022 – Phase 2) The amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis is called:

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