Glomerular Filtration Process — NEET Biology
✅ Asked in NEET 2018Match the following: Column I (Function) A. Ultrafiltration B. Concentration of urine C. Transport of urine D. Storage of urine Column II (Part of Excretory System) i. Henle’s loop ii. Ureter iii. Urinary bladder iv. Malpighian corpuscle
Match the following: Column I (Function) A. Ultrafiltration B. Concentration of urine C. Transport of urine D. Storage of urine Column II (Part of Excretory System) i. Henle’s loop ii. Ureter iii. Urinary bladder iv. Malpighian corpuscle
Answer & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: B — A–iv, B–i, C–ii, D–iii
Ultrafiltration occurs at Malpighian corpuscle (A-iv), urine concentration happens at Henle's loop via counter-current mechanism (B-i), urine transport through ureter (C-ii), and urine storage in urinary bladder (D-iii). This follows the functional anatomy of the excretory system from filtration to elimination.
Read more NCERT concept on the PYQ
The first step in urine formation is the filtration of blood, which is carried out by the glomerulus and is called glomerular filtration. On an average, 1100-1200 ml of blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute which constitute roughly 1/5th of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a minute. The glomerular capillary blood pressure causes filtration of blood through 3 layers, i.e., the endothelium of glomerular blood vessels, the epithelium of Bowman's capsule and a basement membrane between these two layers. The epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule called podocytes are arranged in an intricate manner so as to leave some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores. Blood is filtered so finely through these membranes, that almost all the constituents of the plasma except the proteins pass onto the lumen of the Bowman's capsule. Therefore, it is considered as a process of ultra filtration.
NTA tests your understanding of glomerular filtration as ultrafiltration through three layers: endothelium, basement membrane, and Bowman's capsule epithelium (podocytes). Students often confuse it with regular filtration and incorrectly think proteins are filtered out, but proteins remain in blood due to their large size. The key trap is misremembering which substances pass through—nearly all plasma constituents except proteins enter the filtrate. Remember: ~1100-1200 ml blood filtered per minute, and podocytes create filtration slits that act like a selective barrier. This is fundamental to urine formation and frequently tested.
What does NCERT say about first step urine formation?
Has this concept appeared in NEET?
Which chapter is this from?
Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
176/180MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.