Two Levels of Biological Organization — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptThe description of structure and variation of living organisms over a period of time, ended up as two, apparently irreconcilable perspectives on biology. The two perspectives essentially rested on two levels of organisation of life forms and phenomena. One described at organismic and above level of organisation while the second described at cellular and molecular level of organisation. The first resulted in ecology and related disciplines. The second resulted in physiology and biochemistry. Description of physiological processes, in flowering plants as an example, is what is given in the chapters in this unit. The processes of photosynthesis, respiration and ultimately plant growth and development are described in molecular terms but in the context of cellular activities and even at organism level. Wherever appropriate, the relation of the physiological processes to environment is also discussed.
Consider the following statements : 1. The organismic level of organisation gave rise to sociology and related disciplines. 2. The cellular and molecular level of organisation led to physiology and biochemistry. 3. Melvin Calvin studied photosynthesis using radioactive carbon dioxide labelled with C¹⁴. 4. Calvin demonstrated that plants release oxygen from carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. 5. Mapping the pathway of oxygen assimilation in photosynthesis earned Calvin the Nobel Prize in 1961.
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