Let us understand what causes the proton gradient across the membrane. We need to consider again the processes that take place during the activation of electrons and their transport to determine the steps that cause a proton gradient to develop.
Arrange the following events in the correct chronological sequence as they occur during ATP synthesis according to the chemiosmotic hypothesis in chloroplasts: (A) Water splitting complex releases protons into the thylakoid lumen. (B) Electron carriers transport protons from the stroma to the lumen. (C) A proton gradient with higher concentration in the lumen is established. (D) Protons flow through the CF0 channel to the stroma. (E) The CF1 portion of ATP synthase undergoes conformational change. (F) ATP is synthesized from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
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