Bryophytes: Amphibians of Plant Kingdom — NEET Biology

Correct answer: C — S1, S2, S4 and S5 only

The core concept here is the general characteristics, habitat, and ecological importance of bryophytes. S1: "Bryophytes are also called amphibians of the plant kingdom because these plants can live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction." This statement is incorrect because the reason for being called amphibians is dependence on water for sexual reproduction, and the sporophyte is not free-living or independent. S2: "They lack true roots, stem or leaves." This statement is incorrect as bryophytes lack true roots, stems, and leaves. S3: "Mosses along with lichens are the first organisms to colonise rocks and hence, are of great ecological importance. They decompose rocks making the substrate suitable for the growth of higher plants." This statement is correct, as mosses and lichens decompose rocks. The mention of 'secreting acids' is typically associated with lichens, but the overall role is accurate. S4: "The sporophyte is not free-living but attached to the photosynthetic gametophyte and derives nourishment from it." This statement is incorrect because the sporophyte is neither dominant nor independent, and it depends on the gametophyte for nourishment. S5: "Species of Sphagnum, a moss, provide peat that have long been used as fuel..." This statement is incorrect because Sphagnum does contribute significantly to peat formation. Therefore, statements S1, S2, S4, and S5 are NOT correct. The final answer is C because statements S1, S2, S4, and S5 are all incorrect based on the NCERT text.