Types of Mutations: Point & Frame-Shift — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptIn addition to the above, mutation also arise due to change in a single base pair of DNA. This is known as point mutation. A classical example of such mutation is sickle cell anemia. Deletions and insertions of base pairs of DNA, causes frame-shift mutations (see Chapter 5).
Match the following genetic concepts/disorders with their correct descriptions: Column I (Concept/Disorder) A. Point mutation B. Chromosomal aberration C. UV radiation D. Sickle-cell anaemia E. Phenylketonuria Column II (Description/Characteristic) I. Inborn error of metabolism affecting phenylalanine conversion II. Results from loss or gain of a segment of DNA III. Change in a single base pair of DNA IV. A physical mutagen, classified as non-ionizing V. Caused by a single base substitution in the beta globin chain gene
View solution & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: A — A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-V, E-I
Let's match each item from Column I to its correct description in Column II: A. Point mutation: This involves a change in a single base pair of DNA. (NCERT, Section 4.7) So, A-III. B. Chromosomal aberration: This results from the loss or gain of a segment of DNA, or alteration in chromosomes. (NCERT, Section 4.7) So, B-II. C. UV radiation: This is a physical mutagen. Although the NCERT text does not explicitly state it as non-ionizing in Chapter 4, the source question context implies this classification is expected knowledge within the topic of mutagens. So, C-IV. D. Sickle-cell anaemia: This is caused by a single base substitution (GAG to GUG) at the sixth codon of the beta globin gene, leading to the substitution of Glutamic acid by Valine. (NCERT, Section 4.8.2) So, D-V. E. Phenylketonuria: This is an inborn error of metabolism where the affected individual lacks an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine, leading to accumulation of phenylpyruvic acid. (NCERT, Section 4.8.2) So, E-I. Therefore, the correct match is A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-V, E-I.
What does NCERT say about addition to above mutation?
Has this concept appeared in NEET?
Which chapter is this from?
Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
176/180MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.