Gene Expression and Trait Control — NEET Biology

Which of the following statements regarding Mendel's experiments and laws of inheritance are correct? S1: Mendel studied seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants, including pod shape (inflated/constricted) and seed colour (yellow/green). S2: Leaf colour (red/green) and seed texture (rough/smooth) were among the specific traits investigated by Mendel in pea plants. S3: In a monohybrid cross between a true-breeding tall plant and a true-breeding dwarf plant, all F1 progeny express the dwarf phenotype, demonstrating the recessive nature of tallness. S4: The Law of Segregation states that during gamete formation, the alleles of a pair segregate from each other, ensuring each gamete receives only one allele with equal proportion. S5: A test cross involves crossing an organism showing a dominant phenotype (whose genotype is to be determined) with a heterozygous recessive parent. S6: Mendel's significant contribution included the application of statistical analysis and mathematical logic to biological problems, which was novel for his time.