Biodiversity Loss and Extinction Rates — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptIt is believed that communities with high diversity tend to be less variable, more productive and more resistant to biological invasions. Earth's fossil history reveals incidence of mass extinctions in the past, but the present rates of extinction, largely attributed to human activities, are 100 to 1000 times higher. Nearly 700 species have become extinct in recent times and more than 15,500 species (of which > 650 are from India) currently face the threat of extinction. The causes of high extinction rates at present include habitat (particularly forests) loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, biological invasions and co-extinctions.
Which of the following statements are correct concerning biodiversity loss and extinction patterns? S1: Careful analysis of records indicates that extinctions across taxa are not random. S2: Among vertebrates, amphibians are currently the least vulnerable group to extinction, facing a minor threat. S3: The accelerated rates of species extinctions today are primarily due to natural evolutionary processes rather than human activities. S4: The IUCN Red List (2004) recorded the extinction of 784 species in the last 500 years, including a significant number of invertebrates. S5: Over-exploitation, alien species invasions, and co-extinctions are considered three of the 'Evil Quartet' causes of biodiversity loss.
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