What are the major causes of species losses in a geographical region?
Which of the following statements are correct regarding the major causes of biodiversity loss, also known as 'The Evil Quartet'? S1. Habitat loss and fragmentation is the most important cause of biodiversity loss, exemplified by large-scale deforestation of tropical rainforests. S2. Alien species invasion was responsible for the extinction of Steller’s sea cow and passenger pigeon. S3. Introduction of the Nile perch into Lake Victoria is an example of co-extinction. S4. Co-extinction refers to the loss of one species leading to the extinction of another species that is obligatorily associated with it, such as plant–pollinator relationships. S5. Pollution and fragmentation are independent causes of biodiversity loss, separate from habitat loss.
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