Biopiracy and Benefit Sharing — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptThere has been growing realisation of the injustice, inadequate compensation, and benefit sharing between developed and developing countries. Therefore, some nations are developing laws to prevent such unauthorised exploitation of their bio-resources and traditional knowledge.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding biopiracy and related ethical considerations? S1. Biopiracy primarily concerns the unauthorized use of traditional knowledge and genetic resources from biodiversity-rich countries. S2. The GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee) is specifically constituted to grant patents for bio-resources and traditional knowledge to prevent biopiracy. S3. Developing and underdeveloped countries, despite being rich in biodiversity and traditional knowledge, often face challenges in implementing proper legal frameworks to prevent the exploitation of their bio-resources. S4. The Basmati rice case exemplifies how specific traditional varieties can be patented by foreign companies, potentially restricting the rights of indigenous farmers. S5. Traditional knowledge can significantly reduce R&D costs in modern drug development by providing ready leads, but this knowledge offers formulations that completely bypass the requirement for clinical testing.
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