Genetic Engineering Conceptual Principles — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptLet us now understand the conceptual development of the principles of genetic engineering.
Which of the following statements correctly highlights the distinction between genetic engineering and traditional hybridisation methods? S1: Traditional hybridisation frequently results in the unwanted introduction and multiplication of undesirable genes alongside desired ones. S2: Genetic engineering is advantageous over traditional hybridisation primarily because it enables the precise introduction of only a single desirable gene or a specific set of genes. S3: One of the core techniques of modern biotechnology, bioprocess engineering, is solely focused on altering the chemistry of genetic material. S4: A key conceptual development of genetic engineering is that it allows the creation of recombinant DNA, gene cloning, and gene transfer. S5: Sexual reproduction, unlike asexual reproduction, preserves genetic information with minimal variation, which is a limitation overcome by genetic engineering.
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Correct answer: A — S1, S2 and S4 only
Genetic engineering offers significant advantages over traditional hybridisation, particularly in the precision of gene transfer. S1: This statement is correct. Traditional hybridisation often leads to the inclusion and multiplication of undesirable genes along with desired ones, as stated in NCERT. S2: This statement is correct. Genetic engineering techniques overcome the limitations of traditional hybridisation by allowing the isolation and introduction of only one or a set of desirable genes without introducing undesirable genes. S3: This statement is NOT correct. Bioprocess engineering focuses on 'Maintenance of sterile (microbial contamination-free) ambience... for the manufacture of biotechnological products.' Altering the chemistry of genetic material is the domain of genetic engineering. S4: This statement is correct. The techniques of genetic engineering include the creation of recombinant DNA, gene cloning, and gene transfer, which are key conceptual developments. S5: This statement is NOT correct. The roles are reversed. Asexual reproduction preserves genetic information, while sexual reproduction permits variation. Therefore, statements S1, S2, and S4 are correct.
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Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
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