Definition & Scope of Biotechnology — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptBiotechnology deals with techniques of using live organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to humans. In this sense, making curd, bread or wine, which are all microbe-mediated processes, could also be thought as a form of biotechnology. However, it is used in a restricted sense today, to refer to such of those processes which use genetically modified organisms to achieve the same on a larger scale. Further, many other processes/techniques are also included under biotechnology. For example, in vitro fertilisation leading to a 'test-tube' baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a defective gene, are all part of biotechnology.
Assertion (A): Biotechnology uses living organisms and enzymes to produce useful products and processes. Reason (R): Medical applications like IVF, gene synthesis, and DNA vaccines are examples of biotechnology.
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