Definition & Scope of Biotechnology — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptBiotechnology deals with techniques of using live organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to humans. In this sense, making curd, bread or wine, which are all microbe-mediated processes, could also be thought as a form of biotechnology. However, it is used in a restricted sense today, to refer to such of those processes which use genetically modified organisms to achieve the same on a larger scale. Further, many other processes/techniques are also included under biotechnology. For example, in vitro fertilisation leading to a 'test-tube' baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a defective gene, are all part of biotechnology.
Assertion (A): Biotechnology uses living organisms and enzymes to produce useful products and processes. Reason (R): Medical applications like IVF, gene synthesis, and DNA vaccines are examples of biotechnology.
View solution & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: A — If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
NCERT defines “Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to humans” making the Assertion true. NCERT provides examples: “For example, in vitro fertilisation leading to a ‘test-tube’ baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a defective gene, are all part of biotechnology.” The Reason provides specific examples that demonstrate the broad definition.
What does NCERT say about Biotechnology deals with techniques?
Has this concept appeared in NEET?
Which chapter is this from?
Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
176/180MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.