Recombinant DNA Technology Steps — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptBiotechnology deals with large scale production and marketing of products and processes using live organisms, cells or enzymes. Modern biotechnology using genetically modified organisms was made possible only when man learnt to alter the chemistry of DNA and construct recombinant DNA. This key process is called recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering. This process involves the use of restriction endonucleases, DNA ligase, appropriate plasmid or viral vectors to isolate and ferry the foreign DNA into host organisms, expression of the foreign gene, purification of the gene product, i.e., the functional protein and finally making a suitable formulation for marketing. Large scale production involves use of bioreactors.
Arrange the following steps involved in obtaining a foreign gene product through recombinant DNA technology in the correct sequence: 1. Insertion of alien DNA into a suitable cloning vector and its transfer into a host cell 2. Expression of the foreign gene under appropriate conditions to produce a target protein 3. Large-scale culture of recombinant host cells using bioreactors under optimal conditions 4. Extraction and purification of the desired protein using separation techniques 5. Multiplication of recombinant DNA inside the host cells
View solution & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: D — 1 → 5 → 2 → 3 → 4
Alien DNA is first inserted into a vector and transferred into a host cell. Inside the host, the recombinant DNA multiplies. The foreign gene is then expressed under suitable conditions to form the desired protein. For commercial purposes, host cells are cultured in large quantities using bioreactors, which provide optimal growth conditions. Finally, the protein is extracted and purified.
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Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
176/180MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.