Root and Shoot System Variations — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptFlowering plants exhibit enormous variation in shape, size, structure, mode of nutrition, life span, habit and habitat. They have well developed root and shoot systems. Root system is either tap root or fibrous. Generally, dicotyledonous plants have tap roots while monocotyledonous plants have fibrous roots. The roots in some plants get modified for storage of food, mechanical support and respiration. The shoot system is differentiated into stem, leaves, flowers and fruits. The morphological features of stems like the presence of nodes and internodes, multicellular hair and positively phototropic nature help to differentiate the stems from roots. Leaf is a lateral outgrowth of stem developed exogenously at the node. These are green in colour to perform the function of photosynthesis. Leaves exhibit marked variations in their shape, size, margin, apex and extent of incisions of leaf blade (lamina).
Which of the above statements are correct? S1: Stems are generally characterised by their positively phototropic nature. S2: Roots are typically positively phototropic, ensuring their growth towards light for photosynthetic activity. S3: The stem develops from the plumule of the embryo and bears distinct nodes and internodes. S4: Adventitious roots exclusively develop from the plumule of the embryo. S5: Leaves originate from shoot apical meristems and are arranged in an acropetal order.
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