Coordination and Homeostasis in Body Systems — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptAs you know, the functions of the organs/organ systems in our body must be coordinated to maintain homeostasis. Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another. For example, when we do physical exercises, the energy demand is increased for maintaining an increased muscular activity. The supply of oxygen is also increased. The increased supply of oxygen necessitates an increase in the rate of respiration, heart beat and increased blood flow via blood vessels. When physical exercise is stopped, the activities of nerves, lungs, heart and kidney gradually return to their normal conditions. Thus, the functions of muscles, lungs, heart, blood vessels, kidney and other organs are coordinated while performing physical exercises. In our body the neural system and the endocrine system jointly coordinate and integrate all the activities of the organs so that they function in a synchronised fashion.
Which of the following statements regarding neural and endocrine coordination are NOT correct? S1: The neural system provides rapid but short-term coordination, whereas the endocrine system offers slower but long-lasting and widespread responses. S2: Neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus directly regulate the anterior pituitary's functions by releasing hormones into a portal circulatory system. S3: Hormones are chemically transmitted along nerve fibers, similar to neurotransmitters, to reach their target cells. S4: The neural and endocrine systems operate completely independently, with no joint coordination or regulatory roles over physiological functions. S5: The classical definition of a hormone encompasses all chemical messengers, including those produced by diffused tissues and acting locally.
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