C3 vs C4 Leaf Structure & Anatomy — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptStudy vertical sections of leaves, one of a C₃ plant and the other of a C₄ plant. Do you notice the differences? Do both have the same types of mesophylls? Do they have similar cells around the vascular bundle sheath?
Which of the following statements regarding C₃ and C₄ plants are correct? S1: C₄ plants exhibit Kranz anatomy, characterized by large bundle sheath cells having numerous chloroplasts, thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange, and no intercellular spaces. S2: In C₃ plants, the primary CO₂ acceptor is RuBP, and the first stable fixation product is a 3-carbon organic acid, 3-PGA, formed in the mesophyll cells. S3: C₄ plants have a mechanism that increases the concentration of CO₂ at the RuBisCO site in bundle sheath cells, thereby minimizing its oxygenase activity and preventing photorespiration. S4: The initial carboxylation reaction in C₄ plants is catalyzed by PEP carboxylase in the mesophyll cells, an enzyme that completely lacks oxygenase activity. S5: Under high light intensities, C₃ plants show saturation at about 360 µlL⁻¹ CO₂ concentration, whereas C₄ plants respond to increased CO₂ concentration and show saturation only beyond 450 µlL⁻¹. Choose the correct option:
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