Even though water is one of the reactants in the light reaction, the effect of water as a factor is more through its effect on the plant, rather than directly on photosynthesis. Water stress causes the stomata to close hence reducing the CO₂ availability. Besides, water stress also makes leaves wilt, thus, reducing the surface area of the leaves and their metabolic activity as well.
Assertion (A): Water stress affects photosynthesis through multiple pathways. Reason (R): Water stress causes leaf wilting, reducing surface area and metabolic activity of leaves.
Correct answer: A — If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
NCERT confirms water stress affects photosynthesis through multiple pathways (Assertion true). NCERT states “water stress also makes leaves wilt, thus, reducing the surface area of the leaves and their metabolic activity as well” - the Reason explains one of the MECHANISMS by which water stress affects photosynthesis (wilting pathway). Both are true and Reason explains one of the multiple pathways.
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