C₄ Plant Productivity and Calvin Pathway — NEET Biology

Which of the following statements correctly describe photorespiration in the context of environmental factors and plant types? S1: Photorespiration is a process that occurs only in the presence of both O₂ and light, leading to the loss of fixed carbon. S2: Under high light intensities and limiting CO₂ conditions, photorespiration can become more pronounced in C₃ plants. S3: The C₄ pathway has evolved as a mechanism to enhance photorespiration in plants adapted to hot, dry climates. S4: Photorespiration directly contributes to the synthesis of ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle in C₃ plants. S5: In C₄ plants, the activity of RuBisCO in mesophyll cells is the primary factor in minimizing photorespiration.