Pteridophyte Life Cycle & Structure — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptIn pteridophytes the main plant body is a sporophyte which is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves. These organs possess well-differentiated vascular tissues. The formation of megaspores and microspores are distinct. The spores germinate to form gametophytes which require cool, damp places to grow. The gametophytes bear male and female sex organs called antheridia and archegonia, respectively. Water is required for transfer of male gametes to archegonium where zygote is formed after fertilisation. The zygote thereafter develops into a sporophyte.
Which of the above statements are correct? S1: The main plant body of pteridophytes is a sporophyte, differentiated into true root, stem, and leaves, possessing well-differentiated vascular tissues. S2: Pteridophyte gametophytes are free-living, mostly photosynthetic thalloid structures which require cool, damp, shady places for their growth. S3: Water is essential for the transfer of male gametes from the archegonium to the antheridium for fertilisation in pteridophytes. S4: The female gametophytes in heterosporous pteridophytes are retained on the parent sporophytes for variable periods, which is a precursor to the seed habit. S5: All pteridophytes are homosporous, producing only one kind of spore that germinates to form bisexual gametophytes.
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