Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptMany genes were linked to sexes also, and called as sex-linked genes. The two sexes (male and female) were found to have a set of chromosomes which were common, and another set which were different. The chromosomes which were different in two sexes were named as sex chromosomes. The remaining set was named as autosomes. In humans, a normal female has 22 pairs of autosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes (XX). A male has 22 pairs of autosomes and a pair of sex chromosome as XY. In chicken, sex chromosomes in male are ZZ, and in females are ZY.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding chromosomal basis of sex determination and related inheritance patterns in human beings? S1. Human females are homogametic and produce only one type of gamete with respect to sex chromosomes. S2. Human males are heterogametic and produce two types of sperms differing in their sex chromosomes. S3. The probability of male or female child is determined at the time of fertilisation based on the type of sperm involved. S4. Mutations affecting genes on the Y chromosome can be inherited through both male and female lineages. S5. Sex-linked traits in humans are more commonly expressed in males due to their hemizygous condition for X-linked genes.
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