Chromosomal Disorders: Trisomy & Monosomy — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptThese situations are known as trisomy or monosomy of a chromosome, respectively. Such a situation leads to very serious consequences in the individual. Down's syndrome, Turner's syndrome, Klinefelter's syndrome are common examples of chromosomal disorders.
Match the following genetic disorders with their genetic basis/karyotype and key symptoms/characteristics: Column I (Disorder) A. Down’s syndrome B. Klinefelter’s syndrome C. Turner’s syndrome D. Thalassemia E. Sickle-cell anaemia Column II (Genetic Basis/Karyotype) I. Autosome-linked recessive trait with GAG to GUG mutation II. Trisomy of chromosome 21 III. 47, XXY IV. 45, X0 V. Autosome-linked recessive trait with reduced globin chain synthesis Column III (Key Symptom/Characteristic) P. Sterility, rudimentary ovaries, lack of secondary sexual characters Q. Mental retardation, short stature, partially open mouth R. Gynaecomastia, overall masculine development S. Qualitative problem of incorrect globin functioning, sickle-shaped RBCs T. Quantitative problem of too few globin molecules, anaemia Choose the correct match from the options given below:
View solution & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: A — A-II-Q, B-III-R, C-IV-P, D-V-T, E-I-S
The question tests the knowledge of various genetic disorders, their genetic basis, and characteristic symptoms as described in NCERT. Let's evaluate each match: A. Down’s syndrome (Column I) is caused by Trisomy of chromosome 21 (Column II-II) and characterized by mental retardation, short stature, and partially open mouth (Column III-Q). So, A-II-Q. B. Klinefelter’s syndrome (Column I) has a karyotype of 47, XXY (Column II-III) and leads to overall masculine development with gynaecomastia (Column III-R). So, B-III-R. C. Turner’s syndrome (Column I) is caused by 45, X0 (Column II-IV) and results in sterile females with rudimentary ovaries and lack of secondary sexual characters (Column III-P). So, C-IV-P. D. Thalassemia (Column I) is an autosome-linked recessive trait with reduced globin chain synthesis (Column II-V) causing a quantitative problem of too few globin molecules, leading to anaemia (Column III-T). So, D-V-T. E. Sickle-cell anaemia (Column I) is an autosome-linked recessive trait with a GAG to GUG mutation (Column II-I) leading to a qualitative problem of incorrect globin functioning and sickle-shaped RBCs (Column III-S). So, E-I-S. Option A correctly matches all the disorders with their respective genetic basis/karyotype and key symptoms/characteristics. Option B incorrectly maps C-IV-S. Option C and D also contain incorrect mappings. The core concept tested is the understanding of different Mendelian and Chromosomal genetic disorders, their causes, and their phenotypic expressions.
What does NCERT say about These situations are known?
Has this concept appeared in NEET?
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Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
176/180MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.