Class 12 · Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Seed Structure and Genetic Variation — NEET Biology

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As they have sufficient food reserves, young seedlings are nourished until they are capable of photosynthesis on their own. The hard seed coat provides protection to the young embryo. Being products of sexual reproduction, they generate new genetic combinations leading to variations.

NCERT Biology · Class 12 · Chapter 1 · Paragraph 73
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Match the anther wall layers in Column I with their characteristic features in Column II and primary functions in Column III. Column I (Anther Wall Layer) 1. Epidermis 2. Endothecium 3. Middle layers 4. Tapetum Column II (Characteristic Feature/Fate) a. Outermost, single-layered covering b. Cells develop radial fibrous thickenings c. Consist of 1-3 layers, ephemeral and usually degenerate d. Innermost layer, cells with dense cytoplasm and generally multinucleate Column III (Primary Role) p. Provides mechanical protection to the developing anther q. Nourishes the developing microspores and pollen grains r. Facilitates the release of mature pollen grains by dehiscence s. Contributes to protection in young anther and degenerates at maturity Which of the following combinations is correct?

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