Apomixis in Hybrid Crops — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptHybrid varieties of several of our food and vegetable crops are being extensively cultivated. Cultivation of hybrids has tremendously increased productivity. One of the problems of hybrids is that hybrid seeds have to be produced every year. If the seeds collected from hybrids are sown, the plants in the progeny will segregate and do not maintain hybrid characters. Production of hybrid seeds is costly and hence the cost of hybrid seeds become too expensive for the farmers. If these hybrids are made into apomicts, there is no segregation of characters in the hybrid progeny. Then the farmers can keep on using the hybrid seeds to raise new crop year after year and he does not have to buy hybrid seeds every year. Because of the importance of apomixis in hybrid seed industry, active research is going on in many laboratories around the world to understand the genetics of apomixis and to transfer apomictic genes into hybrid varieties.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding apomixis and polyembryony? 1. In apomixis, the diploid egg cell may develop into an embryo without meiosis and fertilisation. 2. Farmers can benefit from apomixis as they do not need to buy hybrid seeds every year. 3. Polyembryony arises when nucellar cells or zygotic tissues contribute additional embryos. 4. Apomixis introduces variation since meiosis is involved before fertilisation. 5. Polyembryony is reported in Citrus and Mango.
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