Biology · Structural Organisation in Animals · NEET
The hind limbs end in FIVE digits and the forelimbs end in FOUR digits. NCERT states the hind limbs are larger and more muscular than the forelimbs. A quick trick: Fore = 4 (both start after F), Hind = 5. Only the hind limb digits are webbed to help in swimming.
No. The adult frog's body is divisible into only the head and the trunk. A neck and tail are absent. (The tail is present in the tadpole larva but is lost during metamorphosis.) NEET often tests this exact line, so remember: head + trunk only.
The eyes of the frog are bulged and covered by a transparent nictitating membrane. It protects the eye while the frog is underwater, letting the frog keep its eyes covered yet still see. Do not confuse it with the eyelid; NCERT names the nictitating membrane, not simple eyelids.
No. The frog has no external ear (no pinna). Instead, a membranous tympanum is seen on either side of the eyes; it receives sound signals. So externally you can see only the tympanum, which acts as the ear.
The skin is smooth and slippery because of mucus and is always kept moist. This is important because the frog absorbs water through its skin (it never drinks water) and also carries out cutaneous respiration (skin breathing). A dry skin would stop gas exchange.
The dorsal (upper) side is generally olive green with dark irregular spots, which helps in camouflage. The ventral (lower) side is uniformly pale yellow. NEET can ask you to match dorsal vs ventral colour, so keep them separate.
Which of the following statement is correct about location of the male frog copulatory pad?
Try the real previous-year questions from this chapter — each with the answer and a full solution.
Rana tigrina, the Indian bullfrog, is the most common species found in India. It belongs to class Amphibia of phylum Chordata.
On the hind limbs. The hind feet have webbed digits that help in swimming; the hind limbs are also larger and more muscular than the forelimbs.
Yes. The frog is a poikilotherm (cold-blooded); its body temperature changes with the temperature of the surroundings. It can also change colour for camouflage.
The frog absorbs water directly through its moist skin; it does not drink water by mouth. This is why the skin must stay wet.
Male frogs have vocal sacs and a copulatory pad on the first digit of the forelimb, both absent in females. This is covered in detail on the Sexual Dimorphism in Frog page.
