NEET 2018 · BiologyPrevious Year Question
Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option :
Answer: (D) Eye of octopus, bat and man. Answer: (D) Eye of octopus, bat and man.
- A.Brain of bat, man and cheetah
- B.Heart of bat, man and cheetah
- C.Forelimbs of man, bat and cheetah
- D.Eye of octopus, bat and man✓
Correct Answer
(D) Eye of octopus, bat and man
Solution & Explanation
Answer: (D) Eye of octopus, bat and man. Divergent evolution produces homologous structures – same basic structure adapted to different functions, indicating common ancestry (e.g. vertebrate forelimbs, hearts and brains). The brains, hearts and forelimbs of bat, man and cheetah are homologous (divergent). However, the eye of the octopus and that of mammals are analogous (convergent evolution), not divergent, so option (d) is the incorrect example of divergent evolution. NCERT Reference: Ch 6 Evolution, p.116, lines 16–17: "the eye of the octopus and of mammals".
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