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NEET 2022 · BiologyPrevious Year Question

Identify the correct set of statements: (a) The leaflets are modified into pointed hard thorns in Citrus and Bougainvillea (b) Axillary buds form slender and spirally coiled tendrils in cucumber and pumpkin (c) Stem is flattened and fleshy on Opuntia and modified to perform the function of leaves (d) Rhizophora shows vertically upward growing roots that help to get oxygen for respiration (e) Subaerially growing stems in grasses and strawberry help in vegetative propagation. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: (NEET 2022)

Answer: (C) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only. Statement (a) is wrong: in Citrus and Bougainvillea the thorns are modified axillary-bud STEMS, not modified leaflets.

  1. A.(b) and (c) only
  2. B.(a) and (d) only
  3. C.(b), (c), (d) and (e) only✓
  4. D.(a), (b), (d) and (e) only

Correct Answer

(C) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only

Solution & Explanation

Statement (a) is wrong: in Citrus and Bougainvillea the thorns are modified axillary-bud STEMS, not modified leaflets. The correct statements are (b) cucumber/pumpkin stem tendrils from axillary buds, (c) Opuntia flattened fleshy photosynthetic stem (phylloclade), (d) Rhizophora pneumatophores — vertical respiratory roots, and (e) sub-aerial runner/stolon stems in grasses and strawberry aiding vegetative propagation. So the correct set is (b),(c),(d),(e) = option C. NCERT Reference: Ch 5, p.69, lines 23-24 — "The roots in some plants get modified for storage of food, mechanical support and respiration"

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