All organisms are made of cells or aggregates of cells. Cells vary in their shape, size and activities/functions, based on the presence or absence of a membrane bound nucleus and other organelles, cells and hence organisms can be named as eukaryotic or prokaryotic.
Which of the following statements correctly describe structures related to microtubules? S1: The mitotic spindle apparatus in animal cells is composed of microtubule-based structures that arise from centrioles. S2: Cilia and flagella both possess an axoneme core comprising nine radially arranged peripheral doublets of microtubules and a pair of centrally located microtubules. S3: Microfilaments are fine proteinaceous filaments forming a part of the cytoskeleton, distinct from microtubules, and are solely responsible for maintaining cell shape. S4: Centrosomes, which are non-membrane bound organelles, contain two centrioles arranged perpendicular to each other, both made of tubulin proteins. S5: Prokaryotic flagella, like eukaryotic flagella, exhibit a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules in their core.
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