Thyroid Disorders: Hypo and Hyperthyroidism — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptIn adult women, hypothyroidism may cause menstrual cycle to become irregular. Due to cancer of the thyroid gland or due to development of nodules of the thyroid glands, the rate of synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormones is increased to abnormal high levels leading to a condition called hyperthyroidism which adversely affects the body physiology.
Which of the following statements regarding the thyroid gland and its hormones are NOT correct? S1: The thyroid gland is composed of two lobes interconnected by an isthmus and synthesizes only two hormones, T3 and T4. S2: Iodine is an essential element for the normal rate of synthesis of T3 and T4 hormones by the thyroid gland. S3: Hyperthyroidism, often due to cancer or nodules, leads to increased basal metabolic rate and is exemplified by Graves' disease. S4: Thyrocalcitonin (TCT) is a steroid hormone that works to elevate blood calcium levels. S5: Hypothyroidism in adult women can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and mental retardation in the offspring if occurring during pregnancy.
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