Kidney Structure: Medullary Pyramids & Columns — NEET Biology

Correct answer: C — (a)-(iv), (b)-(v), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i), (e)-(ii)

Let's match the items from Column I with their correct characteristics/indications in Column II based on the NCERT text: (a) Glycosuria: The NCERT states, "presence of glucose (Glycosuria)...in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus." Thus, Glycosuria is the presence of glucose in urine. So, (a) matches with (iv). (b) Ketonuria: The NCERT states, "ketone bodies (Ketonuria) in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus." Thus, Ketonuria is the presence of ketone bodies in urine. So, (b) matches with (v). (c) Uremia: The NCERT describes uremia as, "accumulation of urea in blood, a condition called uremia, which is highly harmful and may lead to kidney failure." So, (c) matches with (iii). (d) Renal calculi: The NCERT defines renal calculi as, "Stone or insoluble mass of crystallised salts (oxalates, etc.) formed within the kidney." So, (d) matches with (i). (e) Glomerulonephritis: The NCERT defines glomerulonephritis as, "Inflammation of glomeruli of kidney." So, (e) matches with (ii). Therefore, the correct match is (a)-(iv), (b)-(v), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i), (e)-(ii).