Addiction and Drug Dependence — NEET Biology

Correct answer: B — S2 and S3 only

Let's analyze each statement based on the NCERT text: S1: "Adolescence, thus is a very vulnerable phase of mental and psychological development of an individual." "Curiosity, need for adventure and excitement, and experimentation, constitute common causes, which motivate youngsters towards drug and alcohol use." "The perception among youth that it is ‘cool’ or progressive to smoke, use drugs or alcohol, is also in a way a major cause for youth to start these habits." This statement is correct. S2: "With repeated use of drugs, the tolerance level of the receptors present in our body increases. Consequently the receptors respond only to higher doses of drugs or alcohol leading to greater intake and addiction." This statement incorrectly states that tolerance decreases and requires smaller doses. It's incorrect. S3: "Addiction is a psychological attachment to certain effects –such as euphoria and a temporary feeling of well-being – associated with drugs and alcohol." "Dependence is the tendency of the body to manifest a characteristic and unpleasant withdrawal syndrome if regular dose of drugs/alcohol is abruptly discontinued." This statement reverses the definitions of addiction and dependence. It's incorrect. S4: "In some cases, withdrawal symptoms can be severe and even life threatening and the person may need medical supervision." This statement is correct. S5: "However, it should be clearly borne in mind that use of these drugs even once, can be a fore-runner to addiction." This statement is correct. S6: "Of late, stress, from pressures to excel in academics or examinations, has played a significant role... Other factors that have been seen to be associated with drug and alcohol abuse among adolescents are unstable or unsupportive family structures and peer pressure." This statement is correct. Therefore, S2 and S3 are the NOT correct statements. The final answer is B.