Disease Prevention & Substance Abuse — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptAmong other diseases, AIDS and cancer kill a large number of individuals worldwide. AIDS caused by the human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) is fatal but can be prevented if certain precautions are taken. Many cancers are curable if detected early and appropriate therapeutic measures are taken. Of late, drug and alcohol abuse among youth and adolescents is becoming another cause of concern. Because of the addictive nature of alcohol and drugs, and their perceived benefits like relief from stress, a person may try taking these in the face of peer pressure, examinations-related and competition-related stresses. In doing so, he/she may get addicted to them. Education about their harmful effects, counselling and seeking immediate professional and medical help would totally relieve the individual from these evils.
Which of the following statements about retroviruses, specifically HIV, are correct? S1: Retroviruses possess a DNA genome that directly integrates into the host's nuclear DNA. S2: The enzyme reverse transcriptase is unique to retroviruses and is crucial for their replication cycle. S3: All retroviruses primarily infect helper T-lymphocytes, causing immunodeficiency. S4: The replication of HIV involves the formation of viral particles by the host cell's machinery after viral DNA integration. S5: Retroviruses like HIV are characterized by having an envelope around their genetic material.
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