Disease Transmission Routes — NEET Biology

Correct answer: D — A–iii, B–ii, C–v, D–iv, E–i

This question tests the knowledge of diseases and their specific causative agents as provided in the NCERT text. Let's match each disease with its causative agent: - **A. Pneumonia:** Caused by bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae (iii). NCERT: 'Bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are responsible for the disease pneumonia'. (Page 131) - **B. Malaria:** Caused by Plasmodium species, such as Plasmodium vivax (ii). NCERT: 'Plasmodium, a tiny protozoan is responsible for this disease. Different species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. malaria and P. falciparum)'. (Page 131) - **C. Ascariasis:** Caused by the helminth Ascaris (v). NCERT: 'Ascaris, the common round worm... causes ascariasis.' (Page 133) - **D. Ringworm:** Caused by fungi belonging to genera like Microsporum (iv). NCERT: 'Many fungi belonging to the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton are responsible for ringworms'. (Page 133) - **E. Amoebiasis:** Caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica (i). NCERT: 'Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite... which causes amoebiasis'. (Page 132) Therefore, the correct matches are: A–iii, B–ii, C–v, D–iv, E–i. Option A provides the correct match for all the diseases and their respective causative agents as per NCERT.