Prevention of Water-Borne Diseases — NEET Biology

Correct answer: C — S1, S2, S3 and S4 only

This question evaluates understanding of different modes of disease transmission, specific vectors, and preventive measures as outlined in NCERT. Let's evaluate each statement: - **S1: Malaria is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito, which acts as a vector for Plasmodium.** This statement is correct. NCERT states, 'the female Anopheles mosquito is the vector (transmitting agent) too' for Plasmodium. (Page 131) - **S2: Filariasis, caused by Wuchereria, is transmitted to humans through the bite of female Culex mosquito vectors.** This statement is correct. While NCERT generally states 'female mosquito vectors' (Page 133), it is a known biological fact, implied in NEET context and often linked to Wuchereria, that Culex mosquitoes are the primary vectors. The original question uses 'Female Culex mosquito' as an option for filariasis. - **S3: Dengue, a viral disease, is primarily spread by Aedes mosquitoes, hence controlling their breeding sites is crucial.** This statement is correct. NCERT mentions, 'vector-borne (Aedes mosquitoes) diseases like dengue and chikungunya'. (Page 134) - **S4: Ringworm, a common fungal infection, is mainly acquired through contact with infected individuals or their contaminated belongings, without any insect vector.** This statement is correct. NCERT explains, 'Ringworms are generally acquired from soil or by using towels, clothes or even the comb of infected individuals.' (Page 133) - **S5: Introducing Gambusia fish into ponds helps prevent mosquito-borne diseases by feeding on adult mosquitoes.** This statement is incorrect. NCERT states, 'introducing fishes like Gambusia in ponds that feed on mosquito larvae'. Gambusia feeds on larvae, not adult mosquitoes. (Page 134) Therefore, statements S1, S2, S3, and S4 are correct. Option C correctly identifies S1, S2, S3, and S4 as the correct statements regarding disease transmission and prevention.