DNA Fingerprinting and Polymorphism — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptHuman genome project was a mega project that aimed to sequence every base in human genome. This project has yielded much new information. Many new areas and avenues have opened up as a consequence of the project. DNA Fingerprinting is a technique to find out variations in individuals of a population at DNA level. It works on the principle of polymorphism in DNA sequences. It has immense applications in the field of forensic science, genetic biodiversity and evolutionary biology.
Which of the following statements about the applications and principles of DNA fingerprinting are correct? S1: DNA fingerprinting is widely applied in forensic science for identifying criminals and establishing paternity. S2: The uniqueness of DNA fingerprint patterns, except for identical twins, forms the foundation for its use in personal identification. S3: Polymorphism in DNA sequences is primarily exploited in DNA fingerprinting, particularly in non-coding regions like VNTRs. S4: This technique can also be used to determine population and genetic diversities, as well as in evolutionary biology studies. S5: While sensitive, DNA fingerprinting generally requires a large quantity of DNA, making PCR amplification an optional step.
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