Biology · Human Health and Diseases · NEET
Addiction is a psychological attachment. The person feels pulled to the drug because of its effects, like euphoria and a temporary feeling of well-being. Dependence is a physical tendency of the body. If the regular dose is stopped suddenly, the body shows a withdrawal syndrome. In short: addiction = mind wants it; dependence = body needs it. NEET often tests these two definitions word-for-word from NCERT.
Withdrawal syndrome is the set of unpleasant symptoms the body shows when a regular drug or alcohol dose is stopped suddenly (abruptly discontinued). NCERT lists these symptoms as anxiety, shakiness, nausea and sweating. These are relieved when the drug is used again. In some cases the symptoms can be severe and even life-threatening, so the person may need medical supervision.
Tolerance means the receptors in our body stop responding to the normal dose. With repeated drug use, the tolerance level of the receptors increases. So the receptors now respond only to higher doses. This makes the person take more and more of the drug, which leads to greater intake and addiction. Tolerance is the reason a user keeps needing bigger doses.
Yes. NCERT clearly warns that use of these drugs even once can be a fore-runner to addiction. The addictive potential of drugs and alcohol pulls the user into a vicious circle of regular use. This is an important line for NEET, because students often think one time is safe.
Because of addiction (the psychological pull toward euphoria) and dependence (the body's need to avoid withdrawal symptoms). Together they trap the user in a vicious circle. The person keeps taking the drug even when it is not needed, or even when its use becomes self-destructive, and may ignore social norms to keep using it.
Match List I (Drug) with List II (Effect): A. Nicotine B. Morphine C. Heroin D. Cocaine ; I. Causes sense of euphoria and increased energy II. Stimulates adrenal gland to release catecholamines into blood circulation III. Effective sedative and painkiller IV. A depressant; slows down body function
Try the real previous-year questions from this chapter — each with the answer and a full solution.
Addiction is psychological. NCERT defines it as a psychological attachment to certain effects, such as euphoria and a temporary feeling of well-being. The physical side of drug use is called dependence.
NCERT lists four symptoms: anxiety, shakiness, nausea and sweating. These appear when the regular dose is suddenly stopped and are relieved when the drug is used again.
Yes, it can be. In some cases the withdrawal symptoms can be severe and even life-threatening. The person may then need medical supervision to stop the drug safely.
It is the trap created by the addictive potential of drugs and alcohol. Tolerance makes the user need higher doses, addiction keeps pulling them back for the euphoria, and dependence makes stopping painful. Together these keep the user in regular use (abuse) which is hard to escape.
NEET usually asks the exact definitions: addiction = psychological attachment, dependence = tendency to show withdrawal syndrome. It may also test the withdrawal symptoms and the role of tolerance (receptors needing higher doses).
