Biotechnology: Definition & Major Applications — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptBiotechnology, as you would have learnt from the previous chapter, essentially deals with industrial scale production of biopharmaceuticals and biologicals using genetically modified microbes, fungi, plants and animals. The applications of biotechnology include therapeutics, diagnostics, genetically modified crops for agriculture, processed food, bioremediation, waste treatment, and energy production. Three critical research areas of biotechnology are:
Consider the following statements regarding biotechnology: 1. Biotechnology deals with industrial-scale production of biopharmaceuticals and biologicals using genetically modified microbes, fungi, plants, and animals. 2. Applications of biotechnology include therapeutics, diagnostics, GM crops, processed food, bioremediation, waste treatment, and energy production. 3. One critical research area of biotechnology is providing the best catalyst in the form of an improved organism or pure enzyme. 4. Engineering methods are not required to create optimal conditions for catalysts to act in biotechnology. 5. Downstream processing technologies are essential to purify proteins or organic compounds.
View solution & NCERT explanation
Correct answer: A — 1, 2, 3, and 5 are correct
Biotechnology indeed involves industrial-scale use of genetically modified organisms for useful products. Its applications span health, agriculture, and environment. The three critical research areas are: providing the best catalyst (microbe or enzyme), creating optimal conditions through engineering, and downstream processing. Statement 4 is wrong because engineering is required to create optimal conditions for catalysts. Hence 1, 2, 3, and 5 are correct.
What does NCERT say about Biotechnology as you would?
Has this concept appeared in NEET?
Which chapter is this from?
Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 176 of the 180 ReNEET 2026 (June 21) questions were already in the MedicNEET question bank before the exam.
176/180MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.